In an ancient city called Old Dongola, archaeologists discovered a small piece of paper written many centuries ago. It contains an order issued by King Qashqash.
This king lived long ago in a region of Africa called Nubia. Until now, historians were not sure he really existed.
The document describes simple things like exchanges of cloth, sheep, and goods between people. But it also shows that a real king was organizing life in the region.
Old Dongola was once an important city in Africa, full of trade, rich homes, and valuable objects.
Researchers also found that the document was written in Arabic. This shows that languages and cultures were changing in the region over time.
For scientists, this discovery is very important: it proves that some stories passed down for a long time were actually true.
